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Donaldson Cave (Shawnee Cave) – Spring Mill State Park – Indiana

Donaldson Cave (Shawnee Cave) – Spring Mill State Park – Indiana

Donaldson Cave (Shawnee Cave) - Spring Mill State Park - Indiana

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The cave is part of a system of tunnels that extend more than 8000 feet within Spring Mill State Park. Other caves in the system include Bronson Cave and Twin Caves. The latter is large enough to accommodate a boat operated by park personnel, that explores the parks underlying karst (limestone) landscape.

Southern Indiana, and Kentucky are well known for their karst-related features. Signs for a variety of cave tours can be seen along the major highway systems. These include Marengo Cave, Squire Boone Caverns, Bluespring Caverns, and of course the world famous Mammoth Cave National Park outside of Brownsville, KY.

Indiana Geological & Water Survey – Karst Features in Indiana
Indiana Department of Natural Resources – Spring Mill State Park
National Park Service – Mammoth Cave National Park

Bison and Grand Teton – Jackson – Wyoming

Bison and Grand Teton – Jackson – Wyoming

Bison and Grand Teton - Jackson - Wyoming

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Bison (Buffalo) graze in the grasslands beneath the Teton Range, in Grand Teton National Park. The park, established in 1929 by President Calvin Coolidge, is located in the Jackson Hole valley of Wyoming. It is connected with Yellowstone National Park to the north via the John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Memorial Parkway. The park owes much of its existence to Rockefeller, who believed so strongly that the Jackson Valley needed to be preserved, that he purchased large portions of it, before turning control over to the Federal Government for conservation.

American bison can weigh from around 400 to 1,270 kilograms (880 to 2,800 pounds). It has been estimated that more than 60 million roamed North America in the late 18th century, while only 500,000 survive today. As of 2019, the Bison herd in Grand Teton numbered approximately 600 animals, while in neighboring Yellowstone the population is around 5,000.

Historic Aetna Gas Station – Middletown – Kentucky

Historic Aetna Gas Station – Middletown – Kentucky

Historic Aetna Gas Station - Middletown - Kentucky

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This was Middletown’s (a suburb of Louisville, Kentucky) first gas station, built in the late 1920’s by I.W. Quesenberry. The gas station sold Aetna Oil Company gas, and other products, and includes a Deem gas pump. The gas station’s original life was pretty short. As the construction of U.S. 60 (Shelbyville Road) to the north in 1936, diverted away much of the traffic that would have used the station. In the intervening years, the station was used by a drying cleaning business, and a taxi cab service. In 1996 the building was donated to the city, and a federal grant was used to restore it back to its original purpose.